FIG. 01.01

Lenses · Type 04 / 11
Two concave faces: a negative lens for diverging light and expanding beams.

A double-concave (biconcave) lens curves inward on both sides, so it is thinnest at the centre. It diverges light and forms virtual, reduced images. It is used to expand beams, to lengthen the focal length of an optical system, and in imaging and vision-correction optics.
Start from a catalogue part or from your own drawing, in the material, coating and tolerance grade you need.
| Parameter | Commercial | Precision |
|---|---|---|
| Thickness | ±0.1 mm | ±0.01 mm |
| Radius | 1% | 0.5% |
| Refractive index | 0.001 | 0.0001 |
| Abbe (V-number) | 1% | 0.1% |
| Centration | 3 arc-min | 30 arc-sec |
| Tilt / wedge | 1 arc-min | 10 arc-sec |
| Surface irregularity | 1 fringe | λ/4 (0.25 fringe) |
| Surface quality (scratch-dig) | 60-40 | 10-5 |
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